Caffeine

The lesson begins by narrowing the focus to sports supplements with strong scientific support, based in part on the IOC consensus statement on dietary supplements for high-performance athletes. It outlines five evidence-based options—caffeine, creatine, beta-alanine, sodium bicarbonate, and dietary nitrate—then examines caffeine in detail. Caffeine is presented as one of the most broadly useful performance supplements because it can benefit endurance, team, and power-based sports. The explanation covers how it may improve performance by reducing fatigue and perceived exhaustion, increasing focus, raising endorphins, and potentially enhancing muscle power output. It also clarifies that the source of caffeine matters less than the dose, whether it comes from coffee, energy drinks, or pills. Learners can expect practical guidance on dosage and timing, with 3–6 mg per kilogram taken 30–60 minutes before exercise described as effective. The summary of side effects includes gastrointestinal discomfort, restlessness, anxiety, and impaired sleep, especially when used late in the day. Tolerance from regular use is also addressed, with advice to cycle intake periodically.